Lockout - Tagout (LOTO) Control of Hazardous Energy
OSHA requires employers to establish a Lockout Tagout program and use procedures for affixing appropriate lockout devices or tag out devices to energy isolating devices, and to otherwise disable machines or equipment to prevent unexpected re-energizing, start up or release of stored energy in order to prevent injury to employees.
Energy isolating device. A mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission or release of energy, including but not limited to the following: A manually operated electrical circuit breaker; a disconnect switch; a manually operated switch by which the conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from all ungrounded supply conductors, and, in addition, no pole can be operated independently; a line valve; a block; and any similar device used to block or isolate energy. Push buttons, selector switches and other control circuit type devices are not energy isolating devices.
Lockout. The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolating device, in accordance with an established procedure, ensuring that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled cannot be operated until the lockout device is removed.
Lockout device. A device that utilizes a positive means such as a lock, either key or combination type, to hold an energy isolating device in the safe position and prevent the energizing of a machine or equipment. Included are blank flanges and bolted slip blinds.
Tagout. The placement of a tagout device on an energy isolating device, in accordance with an established procedure, to indicate that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not be operated until the tagout device is removed.
Tagout device. A prominent warning device, such as a tag and a means of attachment, which can be securely fastened to an energy isolating device in accordance with an established procedure, to indicate that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not be operated until the tagout device is removed.
The OSHA standard covers the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment in which the unexpected start up of machines or equipment, or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees.
Work on cord and plug connected electric equipment for which exposure to the hazards of unexpected start up of the equipment may be controlled by the unplugging of the equipment from the energy source and by the plug being under the exclusive control of the employee performing the servicing or maintenance.
Each Authorized Employee must have and use their own locks & tags - these must be uniquely identifiable as lockout-tagout material and be identified to the specific worker.
Each year employers must:
Observe and document each authorized employee in a LOTO operation
Verify and document the accuracy of specific the LOTO procedures for each piece of equipment
Lockout Tagout Program Elements
• Written Program
• LOTO Procedure for all equipment
• Training for employees
• Each Authorized Employee issued separate locks & tags
• Locks & Tags are standardized
• Use Locks & Tags only for LOTO
• Locks & Tags have identification of who placed them
• Only the person who placed the lock may remove it
• Authorized (Qualified) Employees are the only ones allowed to lock & tagout equipment or machinery
Definitions
Affected employee. An employee whose job requires him/her to operate or use a machine or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lockout or tagout, or whose job requires him/her to work in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed.
Authorized employee. A person who locks out or tags out machines or equipment in order to perform servicing or maintenance on that machine or equipment. An affected employee becomes an authorized employee when that employee's duties include performing servicing or maintenance covered under this section.
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